Funksiyalar

• ushbu darsda chuquroq funksiyalarni o’rganamiz

• funksiya nima

• sodda namunalar

def my_function():
  print("Hello from a function")
  print("Salom olam")

my_function()

Hello from a function
Salom olam

Argumentlar

def my_function(fname):
  print(fname + " Refsnes")

my_function("Emil")
my_function("Tobias")
my_function("Linus")

Emil Refsnes
Tobias Refsnes
Linus Refsnes

def my_function(fname, lname):
  print(fname + " " + lname)

my_function("Emil", "Refsnes")

Emil Refsnes

# function with two arguments
def add_numbers(num1, num2, num3):
  sum = num1 + num2 + num3
  print("Sum: ", sum)

# function call with two values
add_numbers(5, 4, 5)

Sum:  14

return kalit so’zi

# function definition
def find_square(num):
    result = num * num
    return result

# function call
square = find_square(3)

print('Square:', square)

Square: 9

# some more functions
def is_prime(n):
  if n in [2, 3]:
    return True
  if (n == 1) or (n % 2 == 0):
    return False
  r = 3
  while r * r <= n:
    if n % r == 0:
      return False
    r += 2
  return True
print(is_prime(78), is_prime(79))

False True

Bittadan ortiq qiymat qaytarish

# function definition
def find_area_per(a, b):
    area = a * b
    p = 2 * (a + b)
    return (area, p)

# function call
yuza, peremeter = find_area_per(3, 4)

print('Yuza: ', yuza)
print('Peremeter: ', peremeter)

Yuza:  12
Peremeter:  14

pass kalit so’zi

def future_function():
  pass

# this will execute without any action or error
future_function()

Kelishuv qiymatlari

# Python program to demonstrate
# default arguments
def myFun(x, y=50):
  print("x: ", x)
  print("y: ", y)


# Driver code (We call myFun() with only
# argument)
myFun(10)
myFun(10, 100)

x:  10
y:  50
x:  10
y:  100

def my_function(country = "Norway"):
  print("I am from " + country)

my_function("Sweden")
my_function("India")
my_function()
my_function("Brazil")

I am from Sweden
I am from India
I am from Norway
I am from Brazil

Kalit so’zli qiymatlar

# Python program to demonstrate Keyword Arguments
def student(firstname, lastname):
  print(firstname, lastname)


# Keyword arguments
student(firstname='Geeks', lastname='Practice')
student(lastname='Practice', firstname='Geeks')

Geeks Practice
Geeks Practice

Majburiy qiymatlar

def nameAge(name, age):
  print("Hi, I am", name)
  print("My age is ", age)


# You will get correct output because
# argument is given in order
print("Case-1:")
nameAge("Suraj", 27)
# You will get incorrect output because
# argument is not in order
print("\nCase-2:")
nameAge(27, "Suraj")

Case-1:
Hi, I am Suraj
My age is  27

Case-2:
Hi, I am 27
My age is  Suraj

*args argumenti

def my_function(*kids):
  print(type(kids)) # tuple
  # kids = ("Emil", "Tobias", "Linus")
  print("The youngest child is " + kids[2])

my_function("Emil", "Tobias", "Linus")

<class 'tuple'>
The youngest child is Linus

# Python program to illustrate
# *args for variable number of arguments
def myFun(*argv):
    for arg in argv:
        print(arg)


myFun('Hello', 'Welcome', 'to', 'GeeksforGeeks', 'sd', 43, 43)

Hello
Welcome
to
GeeksforGeeks
sd
43
43

def my_sum(*values):
  s = 0
  for val in values:
    s += val
  return s

a = 1
b = 2
c = 3
d = 4

print(my_sum(a))
print(my_sum(a, b))
print(my_sum(a, b, c))
print(my_sum(a, b, c, d))

1
3
6
10

# Python program to illustrate
# *kwargs for variable number of keyword arguments


def myFun(**kwargs):
    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        print(key, value)


# Driver code
myFun(first='Geeks', mid='for', last='Geeks', age=25)

first Geeks
mid for
last Geeks
age 25

Hujjat qatori

# A simple Python function to check
# whether x is even or odd
# docstr

def evenOdd(x):
    """Function to check if the number is even or odd

        x bu yerda butun son
    """

    if (x % 2 == 0):
        print("even")
    else:
        print("odd")


# Driver code to call the function
print(evenOdd.__doc__)

Function to check if the number is even or odd

        x bu yerda butun son

evenOdd()

Kalit so’zli argumentlar

def my_function(child3, child2, child1):
  print("The youngest child is " + child3)

my_function(child1 = "Emil", child2 = "Tobias", child3 = "Linus")

The youngest child is Linus

**kwargs argumenti

def my_function(**kid):
  print("His last name is " + kid["lname"])

my_function(fname = "Tobias", lname = "Refsnes")

His last name is Refsnes

def my_function(a=2, b=3, /, c=5):
  print(a, b, c)

my_function(a=3, c=5)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[46], line 4
      1 def my_function(a=2, b=3, /, c=5):
      2   print(a, b, c)
----> 4 my_function(a=3, c=5)

TypeError: my_function() got some positional-only arguments passed as keyword arguments: 'a'

def my_function(a, b, *, c=5):
  print(a, b, c)

my_function(3, 6, c=5)

3 6 5